Early Medieval Indian Society Rs Sharma Pdf ##BEST## Downloadl

Early Medieval Indian Society Rs Sharma Pdf ##BEST## Downloadl

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According to historians, the practice of slavery spread from ancient Greece to Scythia and the North Caucasus, in early medieval Russia, to the Turkic steppes and further east.[84]Arrian (1st century AD) states that it was the Scythians who were the first to inflict bondage on slaves in the Punjab. Tacitus (1st century AD) states that Magis and Geta, the brothers of Decebalus, were the first to import slaves into Dacia.[85][86][87]Geta's nephew and successor, King Sohaemus of the Thracian Chersonesus was also known to have taken slaves.[85] Livy (1st century BC) mentions that the Sabines, who fought the Romans at the Battle of Lake Regillus, enslaved Roman prisoners.[88] However, slave trade in Europe was steadily declining by the second century AD. Cassius Dio (2nd century AD) mentions that slaves were imported from India to Egypt.[89]

In the Indian subcontinent, the spread of the slave trade was slow and sporadic. The earliest evidence for the existence of slavery in India comes from the Harappan culture (2900-2100 BC), when artisans and merchants traded extensively. Slaves were first mentioned in the Brahmanas, the Upanishads and the Laws of Manu. The first recorded evidence of slavery in the Indian subcontinent came from the Buddhacarita, a Pali work written in the 2nd century BC by the court-historian Ashvaghosha. Irrespective of the precise dates, Ashvaghosha's Sanskrit work suggests that by the 2nd century BC, slavery was common in India.[90][91][92]

The Gandhar Vaibharas, who are a sub-sect of Shaivism, regarded devotees as already being perfected beings. They were consecrated with special ritual, and offered various kinds of services and conduct. They had a style of dress and they were allowed to stay at home without being disturbed by normal activities. d2c66b5586